EM field, behind right ear, suspends morality

Morally impaired? Photo: Eddie Van 3000/Flickr CC

This new finding, from MIT, should cause scientists to more closely examine the risks to human health posed by mobile phones and other wireless, personal technologies. — M.B.

MIT neuroscientists believe they have isolated the brain region — just behind the right ear — where moral judgements take place.

And they can suspend someone’s ability to judge right from wrong, simply by generating a magnetic field near the same spot where many of us hold our cellular phones and wireless, Bluetooth, headsets.

The researchers’ findings, announced today:

“In both experiments, the researchers found that when the right TPJ (right temporo-parietal junction) was disrupted, subjects were more likely to judge failed attempts to harm as morally permissible.”

The technique used by the MIT scientists, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), has been described as one that creates “virtual lesions” on the brain.

Neurostar makes a device that affects mood and behavior, from outside the head. Photo: Neuronetics

And although TMS’s long term effects on health are not well understood (similar amounts of electromagnetic radiation have been linked to increased cancer risk), the treatment is becoming increasingly popular for everything from tinnitus to depression.

The US military also hopes to use TMS to keep soldiers fighting, without the need to stop for sleep.

via Moral judgments can be altered.

See what else Hub scientists getting up to, by following my Boston Globe column, here.

No fear factor: Another pill dulls the pain

Nothing to fear. Photo: CC/Randy Son of Robert

Scientists have been chasing after a fear-numbing pill since my brother, Erik, reported in 2003 on efforts to create the “Guilt-Free Soldier.”

Now Dutch scientists believe the heart drug propranolol can double as a deadener of painful memories in people with PTSD.

Just knowing such a pill is out there, of course, might also encourage soldiers to commit atrocities, because they will no longer have to live with the pain they have created.

Beyond extinction: erasing human fear responses and preventing the return of fear

Merel Kindt1, Marieke Soeter1 & Bram Vervliet1

Animal studies have shown that fear memories can change when recalled, a process referred to as reconsolidation. We found that oral administration of the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol before memory reactivation in humans erased the behavioral expression of the fear memory 24 h later and prevented the return of fear. Disrupting the reconsolidation of fear memory opens up new avenues for providing a long-term cure for patients with emotional disorders.

via Beyond extinction: erasing human fear responses and preventing the return of fear : Abstract : Nature Neuroscience.

From the dept. of no free lunch

CC/lilbear

Photo: CC/lil'bear

A review of the longterm effects of ecstasy shows brain damage, but not too much…

Many times the argument has been made that Ecstasy’s long term effects on the brain aren’t well understood – but a recent UK review by a government advisory council has sifted through more than 20 years’ worth of evidence to come to the conclusion that yes, Ecstasy can be shown to cause cognitive impairment, memory loss and depression. But the effects are so slight that users still fall well within the normal ranges.

via Major UK study examines the long-term effects of Ecstasy use.

Baboons, pigeons think like us

Scientists’ findings to keep “human egos in check.”
CC/
Mixing it up. Photo: CC/Jeremy Tarling

University of Iowa psychologists say they’ve discovered that “nonhuman primates (and even pigeons) are capable of higher-order relational learning.”

In other words, baboons and birds can recognize when objects are alike, or different — in the same way the people can.

The finding, the UI researchers told PhysOrg.com, should disabuse humans of the “arrogant” notion that they are the only creatures capable of this type of cognition.

via Behavioral studies show baboons and pigeons are capable of higher-level cognition.

Parallelnormal endorses Bob Barr

Pinky: My Boston Globe headshot.

Also pinky (and bespectacled): My choice for president, Bob Barr. (Note, too, the similarity in name.)

Why? Perhaps because he looks like a Baard.

It’s depressing to realize that your thoughts are not under your control.

Stanford U. scientists now believe a candidate’s looks can make him our choice in the voting booth.

And it’s not about which candidate is better looking, but which one the voter perceives to look most like himself.

That makes sense from that ole evolutionary/natural selection point-of-view.

The Stanford finding might also explain why I am voting for Bob Barr.

Image: Jack Hubbard

I thought I was voting for Barr because he is the Libertarian Party pick. I am in a solidly Democrat state, so my vote is not required to save the country from Sarah Palin. But now I’m thinking it’s the pink face and the glasses that are behind my choice. (The Stanford experiment actually looked at facial features, as indicated by the image, above.)

Paul Baard. Photo: Chris Taggart

Barr also looks a bit like my father, Fordham University Associate Professor Paul Baard (right).

In a paper slated to be published in the December issue of Public Opinion Quarterly, Jeremy Bailenson, an assistant professor of communication, and Shanto Iyengar, the Harry and Norman Chandler Professor in Communication, say that people are subconsciously swayed by candidates who share their facial features.

via Voters Swayed By Candidates Who Share Their Looks, Researchers Say

Scientists prep mind reading device

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Screaming to be heard: Boston University claims its mind-reading device can get inside the heads of paralyzed patients.

by Mark Baard

New Scientist magazine, cited by the Beeb in this report (link and excerpt, below), often exaggerates the nature of scientific findings and discoveries.

That’s why I am just a bit dubious of the claim that electrodes implanted in the brain of a speechless man are unlocking his thoughts, and relaying them to a voice synthesizer.

But if the scientists at Boston University can indeed guess the guy’s thoughts accurately 80 percent of the time, that would be impressive.

Once they take this technology wireless, calling our thoughts our own might prove impossible.

news.bbc.co.uk
Scientists say they may be on the brink of translating the thoughts of a man who can no longer speak into words after a pioneering experiment.

Electrodes have been implanted in the brain of Eric Ramsay, who has been “locked in” – conscious but paralysed – since a car crash eight years ago.

These have been recording pulses in the areas of the brain involved in speech.

Now, New Scientist magazine reports, they are to use the signals he generates to create speech software.

Although the data is still being analysed, researchers at Boston University believe they can correctly identify the sound Mr Ramsay’s brain is imagining some 80% of the time
In the next few weeks, a computer will start the task of translating his thoughts into sounds.
“It’s very exciting that we are starting to be able to translate some basic thoughts, but we are lot further away from a universal mind reading machine than some people hoped – or feared – we may be five years ago.”

New York Times: Let computers think for us

David Brooks (left) argues in his latest New York Times column that people should let cell phones, media players and personal computers do our thinking for us.

Such devices, Brooks says, tongue-in-cheek, can lighten our cognitive loads, by cultivating our media tastes for us.

Internet services such as Google can also fill the gaps in the memories of both the young and old, which have already been compromised by technology.

In the “The Outsourced Brain,” Brooks, tongue-in-cheek, describes a “romantic attachment” to his car’s Global Positioning System navigation device, which eliminates the need for him to remember directions.

Brooks is making a satirical cultural observation–that individuals are routinely tapping artificially intelligent agents and databases (such as the notoriously corrupt, and inaccurate, Wikipedia) to compensate for their memory lapses, even their lack of creativity.

So-called internet “music discovery services,” for example, suggest new songs for your library, based upon the contents of your computer hard drive. (I have written about some of these services in my Boston Globe column.)

Outsourcing our brains to the digital “external mind” could damage our original grey matter, which transhumanists clinically refer to as our “wetware,” some neuroscientists believe.

Brooks presents his piece as satire. But his advertising industry contacts clearly expect to benefit from the wetware-to-hardware migration.

Those contacts include brand managers for several mobile phone companies. Their aim: to turn consumers “brand fanatics”–people who are addicted to particular products and services. Continue reading